Front matter

and provenance. The identifier En10-A is used here as requested for this finite-model specialization. The separately supplied En10-A.tex, version 1, concerns relational clock readout CheungRelational. References to that source are written as source En10-A@1; references to the present main theorem use Theorem thm:main. This document neither replaces that source nor asserts that it is a registered revision of it.

status. All mathematical claims needed for the instrument and estimation contract are proved below from explicitly stated finite-dimensional and statistical assumptions. The companion manuscripts are comparisons, not substitutes for these proofs. Born measurement semantics are assumed here; their characterization within Cheung's stated operational class is not independently re-proved.