Rates and clock scales

If calibration establishes the stronger coupling

for one common $c>0$, then pathwise

For exponential rates,

This is a global scale calibration, not a robustness theorem for arbitrary changes in weight law or dependence.

Clock quantization can change timer order, route records, and deadline flags. A path-cost error alone is not automatically a complete-channel error. An implementation must either certify the same branches and event order, or price their disagreement probability in the complete-channel comparison.