Manuscript VIII-A@3 · VIII-A-v3.tex · proposition · 2398a747
Proposition: Particle slice defects and total intrinsic curvature
The complete fixed-cone construction › Intrinsic particle defects are not the spacetime deficit · lines 1980–2043 · proof included or linked
VIII-A@3#A:prop:particle-defects, VIII-A@3#A:eq:particle-defects, VIII-A@3#A:eq:total-intrinsic-defect
On the open incoming and outgoing epochs, respectively, the intrinsic angle defects at the particle are
They are not the spacetime deficit . For the compact patch, the sum of all interior intrinsic vertex defects is nevertheless
At the event, only the regular cells of the common limiting slice enter this sum.
Proof. On an incoming ,
The angle between its two ray directions satisfies
Three such angles meet at , giving .
On , the induced metric is . The isometry sends the two particle-edge directions to and . Their angle is . The reflected has the same angle; six meet at , giving .
For the total, triangulate each intrinsic flat polygon. Euclidean triangle angle sums and the Euler formula for a disk give
Artificial interior flat vertices have zero defect, and artificial vertices on straight boundary segments have zero boundary turning.
At each of the three boundary vertices , the two horizontal sector quadrilaterals contribute each, so the total interior boundary angle is . The boundary turning sum is , leaving for the interior defect sum. Other interior slice vertices therefore compensate for the particle's slice-dependent defect. The affine peripheral holonomy remains by A:prop:fixed-certificate.
Displayed formulas in this passage
VIII-A@3#A:eq:particle-defects · line 1984
VIII-A@3#A:eq:total-intrinsic-defect · line 1994
unlabeled · line 2004
unlabeled · line 2009
unlabeled · line 2026