Manuscript VII-E-ST@1 · VII-E-ST.tex · section · d28d9c5d

Intrinsic angle defect is not ambient curvature

A four-face certificate and its supported 3+1 lift › Intrinsic angle defect is not ambient curvature · lines 1008–1041

VII-E-ST@1#eq:angle-defect

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Let

At the transverse central event, dot products of the two boundary rays within an -face give cosine ; within an -face they give . The other two faces are reflections. Hence

To check the sign, , and

Thus .

At an incoming triple junction, the two equal face angles have sum , and the remaining angle is . For example the equal-angle cosine is , and the double-angle identity gives that sum. The defect is . The outgoing calculation interchanges the two pairs and has the same result.

The marking therefore redistributes a transverse intrinsic angle defect while the ambient metric remains fixed and locally flat. This is not a bounce or the creation of spacetime curvature.

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